Technological developments in Quantum Cryptography include:
- The seQre entanglement and non-entanglement Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems
- Deployment of entanglement and non-entanglement QKD metropolitan network
- Quantum Random Numbers Generators (QRNG) development and prototyping
- Work on international industry Quantum Technologies standards related to QKD and QRNG
- Engagement in national and international initiatives in Quantum Technologies development
- Patenting of systems and devices related to Quantum Cryptography and Quantum Technologies
- Specialized training and consulting in regard to Quantum Cryptography and Quantum Technologies
- Further related R&D activities
If you represent a company or an institution interested in deployment or other business cases for Quantum Cryptography please contact us with a Request for Proposal (RFP) or learn more about the state-of-the-art in this technology by reading further on.
The below sections specify advanced details on the corresponding above listed fields of activity in commercialization of Quantum Cryptography and related Quantum Technologies:
1) The seQre entanglement and non-entanglement Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems
Upon over 15 years of R&D in quantum cryptography we commercialize the following seQre QKD systems:- seQre Aurora – non-entanglement QKD system – (critical fiber optic connections security)
- seQre Eclipse – non-entanglement QKD system – (critical fiber optic connections security and R&D lab platform)
- seQre Crystal – entanglement QKD system – (critical fiber optic connections security and R&D lab platform)
- Technical specifications:
- Quantum optoelectronic modules integrated within 2 end stations connected by optical fibers (WDM compatibility), computer controlled by means of hardware and software architecture, enabling commercial appliacations and research and development work (R&D platform)
- Includes laser photon source and detectors based on avalanche diodes (thermally stabilized)
- Uses qubit coding on photon phases (auto-compensated interferometers)
- Implementing BB84 and other tangle-free protocols (e.g. B92 or SARG04)
- Implementing One-Time Pad (OTP) and AES encryption
- Implementing the key distillation protocol
- Implementing procedures for key reconciliation (reconciliation) and strengthening privacy (amplification)
- Implementing interface software (in the protocol and service layer together with procedure libraries enabling system programming)
- Maximum transmission range: at least 50 km (Eclipse) and at least 100 km (Aurora)
- Secret key rate: at least 1 Kbit / s over a distance of 25 km (Eclipse) and at least 10 Kbit / s (Aurora)
- Possibility of system synchronization with external electronic and optical elements
- Working temperature from 10 to 30 ° C
- Technical warranty: 24 months
- Order: contact us with RFP
- Technical specifications:
- Quantum optoelectronic modules generating quantum entanglement of photon polarization states, integrated within 2 end stations in both fiber-optic (WDM compatibility) and telescopic (free laser beam) configurations, computer-controlled by means of hardware and software architecture that enable commercial appliacations and research and development work (R&D platform)
- Implementing a procedure for generating quantum entanglement of photon polarization states (carrier of quantum information qubits) by passing a laser beam through a strongly birefringent BBO crystal as part of a spontaneous non-linear electrodynamic parametric down conversion process (SPDC)
- Including a laser source and detectors based on avalanche diodes (thermally stabilized)
- Implementing BB84 as well as the E91 QKD protocols based on quantum entanglement (including the implementation of key sifting, key distillation, error correction and privacy amplification)
- Equipped with integrated electronic control systems and interface systems (including synchronization systems)
- Implementing a software package with source codes (containing programmable libraries along with their source codes to allow functional reprogramming of the configuration)
- Maximum range of data transmission by optical fiber: at least 10 km
- Maximum range of wireless data transmission: at least 500m
- Secret key rate: at least 1 Kbit / s over a distance of 10 km
- Working temperature from 10 to 30 ° C
- Technical warranty: 24 months
- Order: contact us with RFP
- “seQre” trademark protection:
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pp/seqre-znak-towarowy.pdf
- Industrial designs protection:
- Industrial design Wp.26153 – seQre Quantum Key Distribution Transmitting Station
- Industrial design Wp.26154 – seQre Quantum Key Distribution Receiving Station
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pp/seqre-crystal-wzor-przemyslowy.pdf
2) Pilot deployment of entanglement and non-entanglement QKD metropolitan network
Historic outline of pilot network deployments in the field of quantum communication and related activity:- First Polish national entangled QKD systems co-implemented with Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) – 2013-2017
- December 2013 – February 2014: The first pilot implementations of prototype entanglement and non-entanglement QKD systems within the Wrocław QKD Network (3-nodes fiber optics backbone metropolitan telecommunication network), the world’s third pilot metropolitan implementation of a joint non-entanglement and entanlement based QKD network in Wrocław after Vienna and Tokyo, more on the technical details at: https://seqre.net/seqre2014/wroclaw.php)
- January 2014 – December 2019: Research cooperation with AIT as part of the Austrian QKD-TELCO project in development of entangled QKD systems in backbone telecommunications networks (dark fiber)
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/qkd_wroclaw_p1.pdf
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/qkd_wroclaw_p2.pdf
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/qkd_wroclaw_p3.pdf
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/qkd_wroclaw_p4.pdf
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/qkd_wroclaw_p5.pdf
3) Quantum Random Numbers Generators (QRNG) development and prototyping towards commercialization of the integrated QKD systems
Further significant achievements were also made in the development Quantum Random Numbers Generators. A key achievement, an Entanglement QRNG protocol with public randomness verification without compromising its secrecy has been published in Scientific Reports available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-56706-2. An important aspect of this achievement (which was first made public in December 2017 patent application) is that it specifies a quantum protocol for verifying the randomness of a binary sequence distribution. Exactly this solution, as it turned out, was a central element of Google’s success from October 2019, widely recognized as a breakthrough in quantum computing achieving the state of so-called quantum supremacy by presenting the architecture and implementation of the 53-qubit Google Sycamore quantum computer capable of performing tasks unattainable for classic computers due to computational complexity, precisely in the area of randomness verification distribution of the binary string, which, as we have shown in the above mentioned publication, was the key result of our previous work filed for patenting in December 2017, i.e. about two years before the publication disclosing Google’s specification. In addition, the technical concepts developed by us during the implementation of the first stage of the project, the quantum randomization verification model were adopted by a 150+ members of the Quantum Standardization Group in the Quantum Randomness Generation Workgroup of the European Information Technologies Certification Institute as a set of three accepted technical reference standards for quantum randomness generation using entanglement, with significant connection to the architecture of the Google Sycamore quantum processor (more information at https://eitci.org/technology-certification/qsg/eqrng), The inclusion of R&D results achieved by the seQre platform were part of the European reference standards for new information and communication technologies efforts in the quantum area, supporting the Quantum Flagship initiative of the European Commission. These actions were implemented by the seQre team in cooperation with EITCI Institute under the StandICT Horizon 2020 project (more information at https://www.standict.eu). The aforementioned achievements in the field of QRNG (especially in connection to the technological breakthrough of the so-called Google quantum supremacy), constitute an important milestone in new generation of QKD systems commercialization.4) Work on international industry Quantum Technologies standards related to QKD and QRNG
September 2013 – present: Participation in the international activities of the QKD ISG standardization group under ETSI and of the QSG standardization group under EITCI. More details: ETSI QKD-ISG:- ETSI Quantum Key Distribution – Industry Specification Group
- https://www.etsi.org/technologies/quantum-key-distribution
- https://www.etsi.org/committee/1430-qkd
- EITCI Quantum Standards Group:
- https://eitci.org/technology-certification/qsg
- Entanglement Quantum Random Numbers Generation Workgroup of the EITCI QSG:
- https://eitci.org/technology-certification/qsg/eqrng
- EQRNG definition, theoretical concepts of true randomness and use cases
- https://eitci.org/technology-certification/qsg/eqrng/eitci-qsg-eqrng-theoretical-concepts
- EQRNG testing and verification schemes (including quantum entanglement sustaining secrecy)
- https://eitci.org/technology-certification/qsg/eqrng/eitci-qsg-eqrng-testing
- EQRNG processes, devices and operative parameters
- https://eitci.org/technology-certification/qsg/eqrng/eitci-qsg-eqrng-protocols
5) Engagement in national and international initiatives in Quantum Technologies development
EuroQCI in Poland- The national consultancy for the EuroQCI in Poland – November 2019:
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/euroqci-konsultacje-11-2019.pdf
6) Patenting
Report on the technology state of the art evaluation within the project “Support for patent procedures and protection of industrial property rights in the area of commercialization of quantum cryptography”: Report on the technology state of the art evaluation within the project “Support for patent procedures and protection of industrial property rights in the area of commercialization of quantum cryptography” – Appendix A – information pages of the analyzed patents: Report on the technology state of the art evaluation within the project “Support for patent procedures and protection of industrial property rights in the area of commercialization of quantum cryptography” – Appendix B – analyzed publications: Report on the economic validity of applying patent protection to the quantum cryptography research results within the project “Support for patent procedures and protection of industrial property rights in the area of commercialization of quantum cryptography”: Quantum cryptography commercialization strategy within the project “Support for patent procedures and protection of industrial property rights in the area of commercialization of quantum cryptography”: Patent applications:- UPRP P.424145 [WIPO ST 10/C PL424145] Patent
- Entanglement Quantum Random Number Generator with public randomness certification – not disclosed yet
- UPRP P.424146 [WIPO ST 10/C PL424146] Patent
- The One-Qubit Pad (OQP) for entanglement encryption of quantum information – not disclosed yet
- UPRP P.424142 [WIPO ST 10/C PL424142] Patent
- Quantum Entanglement Currency (QEC) – not disclosed yet
- UPRP P.424143 [WIPO ST 10/C PL424143] Patent
- BANQOMAT – QKD secured ATM system – not disclosed yet
- UPRP P.424144 [WIPO ST 10/C PL424144] Patent
- Quantum Entanglement Digital Signature (QEDS) – not disclosed yet
- WIPO PCT/PL2017/000133 Patent
- Entanglement Quantum Random Number Generator with public randomness certification
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pp/patent-EQRNG.pdf
- https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019132679
- WIPO PCT/PL2017/000134 Patent
- The One-Qubit Pad (OQP) for entanglement encryption of quantum information
- https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pp/patent-OQP.pdf
- https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019132680
- UPRP P.355071 / PL203033 Patent
- Quantum dots device for generation of coherent far-infrared radiation achieving population inversion in a QD matrix
7) Specialized training and consulting in regard to Quantum Cryptography and Quantum Technologies
In cooperation with EITCI Institute, CompSecur sp. z o.o. has extensively participated in development of the training and certification programmes on Quantum Cryptography and Quantum Information Technologies. On the basis of this work the following EITC Certification Programmes has been carried out:8) Further related R&D activities
Projects for industrial research and development co-funded by the European funds:- Publications, conference presentations, research results gathered on the Resources page – https://seqre.net/resources
- “Prace badawczo-rozwojowe w kierunku komercjalizacji kryptografii kwantowej w układach bezsplątaniowych i splątaniowych” / „Research and development towards commercialization of non-entanglement and entaglement quantum cryptography”, PO IG PARP, UDA-POIG.01.04.00-02-043/11-00, 2012-2014
- “Badania nad nowymi protokołami kwantowej dystrybucji klucza w układach splątaniowej kryptografii kwantowej” / „Research and development on the new quantum key distribution protocols for entanglement-based quantum cryptography”, Innotech Hi-tech, NCBiR, INNOTECH-K1/HI1/20/159087/NCBR/12, 2013-2015
- “Wsparcie procedur patentowych i ochrony praw własności przemysłowej w obszarze komercjalizacji kryptografii kwantowej” / „Support for patent and intelectual protection procedures in the area of commercialization of quantum cryptography”, Patent+ NCBiR, PP3/W-32/D-2223/2014, 2015-2017
- “JURAND – Narodowy Kwantowy Generator Liczb Losowych” / “JURAND – National Quantum Random Number Generator”, PO IR NCBiR, POIR.01.01.01-00-0173/15-00, 2016-… (project in progress, completed 1st stage, two prototypes of randomness generators, PhD thesis)
- “Quantum Random Numbers Generation Standardisation (QRNGS)” 2019-2020 (implemented under StandICT H2020 Programme, aiming at initiating international cooperation and workgroyp responsible for first industry technical reference specifications of quantum randomness generation technology in cooperation with international standard-defining bodies (i.a. NIST, CEN, CENELEC, ETSI, IEC)
- “Gazeta Prawna” (“Law Newspaper”) Award for Innovative Company of the Year 2012 for CompSecur sp. z o.o.
- First prize in the Technology category at the International Conference on Advanced Communications 2014 in Paris
- Selection of Wroclaw entanglement-based QKD Network as one of the “7 wonders of Wroclaw” in Science category as a part of the exhibition within the celebration of Wroclaw as the European Capital of Culture in 2016
- Recognition within the “Feynman: Quantum information and computation” session at the International Symposium on Quantum Technology 2018 in Aberdeen UK for the presentation of a semiconductor quantum randomness generator prototype
- Gazeta Finansowa / Financial Newspaper – https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/gazeta-finansowa.pdf
- Pryzmat – “Future already knocks on our door” / “Przyszłość już puka do naszych drzwi” – https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pryzmat.pdf
- Przymat – National Quantum Technologies Laboratory NLQT / Narodowe Laboratorium Technologii Kwantowych NLTK – https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/nltk.pdf
- Styk WUST – SeQre2014 – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzYeeasRtV0
- Scientific American / Świat Nauki – https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/media/swiat-nauki.pdf
- Alicja Wachowicz Interview / Wywiad – https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/media/wywiad.pdf
- Final report on “Research on the novel quantum key distribution protocols in entangled quantum cryptography”:
- Analysis of the public quantum key distribution market within the project “Research on the novel quantum key distribution protocols in entangled quantum cryptography”:
- Detailed description of the research activities and results of the stage 1 of the project “Jurand – the national quantum random number generator”:
- R-1: Report on the industrial research activities and results obrained within the project “Jurand – the national quantum random number generator” (stage 1 project milestone):
- P-1: English-language publication in the international scientific journal “Entropy” – “Quantum random number generator protocols based on topologically inequivalent entanglements of quantum states”:
- P-2: English-language publication on the international quantum security internet platform “seQre.net” – “Randomness”:
- P-3: English-language publication on the international quantum security internet platform “seQre.net” – “Random numbers generator statistical tests”:
- ZP-1: Polish-language patent application (national UPRP procedure) – “Splątaniowy Kwantowy Generator Liczb Losowych z publiczną certyfikacją losowości”:
- ZP-2: English-language patent application (international PCT procedure) – “Entanglement Quantum Random Number Generator with public randomness certification”:
- W-1: Source and statistical data in the scope of conducted randomness analyzes of laboratory-generated bit strings:
- Quantum cryptography: quantum mechanics as foundation for theoretically unconditional security in communication:
- Wroclaw Quantum Network – QKD deployment in a metropolitan network:
- Testing of influence of polarization perturbation on dark channel in the system of entangled photons QKD:
- Entanglement Quantum Random Number Generator with public randomness certification (EQTC Grenoble):
- The One-Qubit Pad (OQP) for entanglement encryption of quantum information (EQTC Grenoble):
- Final report on Quantum Random Numbers Generation Standardization (QRNGS) project implementation (H2020 StandICT):
- Quantum random number generators with entanglement for public randomness testing:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/slide-1.jpg)
If you are interested in ordering seQre QKD system please contact us sending your Request for Proposal (RFP)
THE COMMERCIALIZED SEQRE QKD SYSTEMS
Design of the seQre QKD systems (Crystal Alice & Bob):
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/seqre-stations-design.jpg)
One of the seQre QKD systems deployed in standardized network server rack architecture:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/seqre-system-1.jpg)
The seQre QKD systems in a real network environment use standard optical fibers and Ethernet network cables:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/seqre-system-2.jpg)
Front-view of the seQre QKD systems in a server rack:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/seqre-systems.jpg)
QUANTUM SECURED AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE
One of the important business-cases for QKD is securing ATMs and their networks against the so called skimming attacks. More details on this application can be found in a corresponding commercial information brochure:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/seqre-banqomat.jpg)
WROCLAW QUANTUM NETWORK DEPLOYMENT
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/wroc_net.png)
The optical infrastructure is determined by the city telecommunication canalization layout. Dark fibers connecting two, even not very distant metropolitan locations physically sharing an industry-standard telecom line with many parallel fibers (constituting the initial P2P topology and medium for QKD network) are divided in a series of thermally welded interconnections and junctions at telecom canalization crossings, which are main reason for decoherence and quantum signal losses, resulting with increased QBER and with infeasibility of key distribution in practical scenarios (this is specifically addressed to dark fiber infrastructure of metropolitan backbone telecom networks with multiple interconnections of telecommunication optical lines, which are implemented by thermal weldings – a connection between two locations separated by ca. 4-5 km distance, is usually divided by even several fiber weldings).
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/qkd_net1.png)
Research on QKD prototypes deployment in practical telecommunication network environments resulted in evaluation of boundary conditions for QKD feasibility versus quantum channel and transmission parameters and a successful resolution of channel quality problem by proper alignment of experimental QKD setups. The fiber optics line of the SMF28 standard has been used to test different connection and welding configurations for two QKD prototype approaches based no-entanglement protocols (encoding qubits on interfering phase shifts of laser impulses in Mach-Zehnder interferometers) and the entanglement protocols (encoding qubits on polarizations of entangled photon pairs generated in non-linear PDC process in a BBO crystal).
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/qkd_net2.png)
The main optics fiber line (single mode SMF28 standard) has been subsequently modified in laboratory test runs by welded or interconnected F3000/APC and FC/PC adapters. The interconnectors resulted with high QBER increases, thus favoring thermal welding which in proper proximity distribution were characterized by ca. 10 times lower loss induction than interconnectors (ca. 0.01 dB per welding, depending on the proximities). Next the industry standard telecom fiber optics line tests have been carried out towards welding and interconnections configuration optimizing in regard to QBER and conditioning of the metropolitan network deployment.
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/qkd_net3.png)
Primary focus was directed towards the non-entanglement based setup which turned out to be operating properly with an acceptable raw key exchange rate (RKER) generating targeted amount of distilled secret bits (DSB) under laboratory simulation of real optic fiber backbone metropolitan network configuration with required optimization of interconnections and welding infrastructure. The entanglement based QKD prototype has been tested for the first time in a real telecom network environment and proved to be also feasible but within a very narrow gap of optical elements alignment and poor values of QBER and RKER with high additional instability of operation parameters, which require further components development (especially in compensation of optical alignment). Learn more on Wrocław QKD Network.
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/slide-2.jpg)
EITCI QUANTUM STANDARDS GROUP
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/qsg-logo.png)
Stemming from Consortium for Monitoring of Quantum Cryptography R&D established at the SEQRE 2014 Symposium – https://seqre.net/seqre2014 – the Quantum Standards Group (QSG) hosted by EITCI Institute joins international experts in relevant fields who are interested in quantum technologies standards development, adoption and dissemination. The support of quantum standards specifications in areas such as QKD, QRNG, QC will lead to a faster creation and adoption of such standards by international Standards Developing Organizations leading to a faster uptake of the quantum technology.
The group promotes cooperation in relevant workgroups towards implementation of R&D projects, technological development and deployments focused on defining, supporting and disseminating quantum technology standards. The EITCI QSG activity supports the Quantum Flagship initiative and is a part of the StandICT project of the European Commission Horizon 2020 program.
The list of Members of the EITCI QSG group was last updated on 22nd November 2019. The up-to-date listing of the Members can be found at EITCI QSG LinkedIn Group.
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/eitci-qsg.jpg)
Reference Standard for EQRNG – Theoretical Concepts – RS-EITCI-QSG-EQRNG-THEORY-STD-VER-1.0:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/eitci-qsg-qrgn-theory.jpg)
Reference Standard for EQRNG – Protocols, Processes, Devices and Operative Principles – RS-EITCI-QSG-EQRNG-PROTOCOLS-STD-VER-1.0:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/eitci-qsg-qrgn-protocols.jpg)
Reference Standard for EQRNG – Testing and Verification Schemes including Sustaining Secrecy – RS-EITCI-QSG-EQRNG-TESTING-STD-VER-1.0:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/eitci-qsg-qrgn-testing.jpg)
SEQRE PATENT APPLICATIONS
Patenting of novel hardware and protocol technical solutions is a key element of the Quantum Cryptography commercialization efforts. The R&D carried out resulted in the following two new quantum systems patents:
Entanglement Quantum Random Number Generator With Public Randomness Certification (WIPO PCT Patent):
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/wipo-eqrng.jpg)
The One-Qubit Pad (OQP) for Entanglement Encryption of Quantum Information (WIPO PCT Patent):
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/wipo-oqp.jpg)
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/slide-3-1.jpg)
SEQRE RELATED R&D RESULTS PUBLICATIONS
The presented below whitepapers represent the progress in the seQre Quantum Cryptography commercialization. Technological developments are concluded with the most recent paper of 2020 published in Nature Scientific Reports connected to the recent result of Google Quantum Supremacy.
Unconditionally secure communication protocol based on superdense conding – development of non-local entanglement based quantum communication concepts:
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/posters/qkd_wroclaw_p2.png)
Towards Wrocław Quantum Network – industrial telecom testing and deployment of quantum cryptographic systems in a metropolitan network:
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/posters/qkd_wroclaw_p3.png)
Wrocław Quantum Network – QKD deployment in a metropolitan network:
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/posters/qkd_wroclaw_p4.png)
Testing of influence of polatrization perutbation on dark channel in the system of entangled photons QKD
![](https://seqre.net/seqre2014/images/posters/qkd_wroclaw_p5.png)
Quantum random number generators with entanglement for public randomness testing while preserving its secrecy for crypto-applications – seQre achievements in QRNG:
![](https://seqre.net/sites/default/files/resources/generic/pictures/sc-rep-eqrng.jpg)